There are four cancers we typically screen for in the general population: Colon Cancer, Lung Cancer, Cervical Cancer and Breast Cancer.
Other than skin cancer, breast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed in women. During their lifetime, 1 out of every 8 women will develop breast cancer. Men can also get breast cancer, but less than 1% of all breast cancers are in men. Alcohol and tobacco use contribute to the development of breast cancer.
Some women are at higher risk of breast cancer due to family history, meaning they may be genetically predisposed to getting breast cancer. Though most breast cancers are sporadic, some women have an 80% chance of developing breast cancer due to their genes.
The United States Preventive Services Task Force recommends women participate in screening for breast cancer with a mammogram every two years, starting at age 40. A mammogram is an X-ray of the breast tissue. Some organizations recommend mammograms be performed every year.
Women with an increased risk of breast cancer due to a family history or a known genetic tendency to develop breast cancer may have other types of imaging or more frequent screening.
Though breast cancer may be asymptomatic, some of the symptoms of breast cancer include breast pain, a palpable lump in the breast or bloody discharge from the nipple.
Mortality associated with breast cancer has decreased steadily since the 1990’s due to better screening techniques and advances in therapies for breast cancer. Treatment of breast cancer may involve surgery, radiation or chemotherapy. Early diagnosis of breast cancer certainly improves survival.
Women over age 40 or those with a family history of breast cancer should set up an appointment with their physician to discuss screening for breast cancer.
By Ryan M. Harden, MD
